Pressure Contra Ultrasonic Turmoils

A good lesson about failures of theoretical design and learning from practical research findings is when we observe that the shiplet won’t plunge when test-driving in open waters. After checking the software and many other possible reasons, it turns out the depth meter does not work. But it only fails when driving, what made it a bit harder to debug.

Building the chassis of the ultrasonic sensor (March 2022).

To measure the distance of the shiplet’s deck from the water surface we use an ultrasonic sensor. The sensor resides in the center of the decks underside, right behind the middle pylon, facing the water surface. It has gone through many tests in our test basin, where the sensor’s resolution of roughly 0,3 cm has proven more than good enough for our purpose. The micro processor then calculates a smoothed simple moving average of the data to distinguish, if the shiplet needs to ascend or descend or if the submerged hull is in the desired position, halfway under the water, when the deck is roughly 11 cm above the surface.

Red circle marks position of water facing ultrasonic sensor in the middle of the underside of the deck.

In all our stationary tests this worked pretty well, but now when we speed up in open waters the altimetry goes heywire. The ultrasonic sensor fails to receive its reflected signal from the rippling water surface. As a result the data is totally out of range and therefore useless. To fix this, we tried to position the sensor at the nose of the vessel, to avoid the tumultuous impact of the rest of the hull. But depending on speed, wind and waves the sensor’s signal capturing is far away from reliable. In the end it just seems to be the wrong approach.

Driving shiplet creates whirled water surface behind middle pylon disturbing the ultrasonic echo.
Shiplet fails to dive due to ultrasonic sensor measurement errors (April 2024).

Thanks to a very fortunate circumstance we do have an alternative plan to measure the shiplets depth (and speed). Since early on we were thinking of good ways to determine the shiplets speed in the water. One promising approach was to measure the underwater pressure to the fore and aft when driving. So luckily we have provided two small pipes for that purpose when building the shiplet.

Intakes to two capillary tubes towards the fore and aft it the middle pylon of the shiplet’s central hull.
Bonding of the two capillary tubes (September 2021).
Aluminum duct from central hull to deck with power cables and capillary tubes.
Finished bonding of the middle pylon with intakes of capillary tubes to fore and aft (May 2022).
Intakes of capillary tubes on central hull for pressure measurings towards and against the heading.

Next we need to build a pressure measuring system replacing the inapplicable ultrasonic sensor.

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